阿德福韦酯抗病毒治疗1a后乙肝病毒基因型变化情况的观察

观察阿德福韦酯抗病毒治疗1 a后慢性乙肝患者体内HBV基因型变化情况.随机选择152例慢性乙肝患者作为研究对象,其中52例患者作为抗病毒治疗组,口服阿德福韦酯进行抗病毒治疗,另外100例患者作为对照组,口服护肝片进行护肝治疗,2组病人治疗周期均为1 a,分别在用药后第3、6、12个月进行随访,随访内容包括患者的依从性和不良反应、HBeAg/HBeAb、肝功能、HBV DNA定量检测,并采用多对型特异性引物巢武PCR基因分型技术动态监测治疗期间HBV基因型的变化情况.治疗1 a后,抗病毒治疗组中有1例患者体内HBV基因型发生改变,由治疗前的B型变为B/C混合型,并且病情出现反弹和加重.对照组未发现HBV基因型改变.2组HBV基因型变化率(1.9％和0％)之间没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).慢性乙肝患者体内HBV基因型可发生改变,而且1 a内即可发生,抗病毒治疗可能是促进HBV基因型改变的相关因素.HBV基因型转变可导致患者病情反弹和加重.     

坦洛辛缓释片治疗混合痔切除术后尿潴留的疗效观察

目的探讨坦洛辛缓释片对混合痔切除术后尿潴留的预防效果。方法将102例混合痔患者随机分为观察组和对照组,两组患者均接受硬膜外麻醉下混合痔外剥内扎术。观察组于术后30min口服坦洛辛缓释片0.2mg,对照组术前、术后均未使用坦洛辛缓释片和其他预防尿潴留的药物,比较两组麻醉时间、术后第1次排尿时间、第1次排尿伴随症状和尿潴留发生情况。结果观察组第1次排尿时间短于对照组,第1次排尿伴随症状、尿潴留发生率低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论坦洛辛缓释片在缩短第1次排尿时间和减少第1次排尿伴随症状、尿潴留发生率有一定疗效。     

Analysis of covalent flavinylation using thermostable succinate dehydrogenase from Thermus thermophilus and Sulfolobus tokodaii lacking SdhE homologs

Recent studies have indicated that post-translational flavinylation of succinate dehydrogenase subunit A (SdhA) in eukaryotes and bacteria require the chaperone-like proteins Sdh5 and SdhE, respectively. How does covalent flavinylation occur in prokaryotes, which lack SdhE homologs? In this study, I showed that covalent flavinylation in two hyperthermophilic bacteria/archaea lacking SdhE, Thermus thermophilus and Sulfolobus tokodaii, requires heat and dicarboxylic acid. These thermophilic bacteria/archaea inhabit hot environments and are said to be genetically far removed from mesophilic bacteria which possess SdhE. Since mesophilic bacteria have been effective at covalent bonding in temperate environments, they may have caused the evolution of SdhE.     

酪酸梭菌活菌散与制霉菌素片联用治疗婴幼儿鹅口疮的疗效观察

目的观察和评价酪酸梭菌活菌散与制霉菌素片联用治疗婴幼儿鹅口疮的临床疗效。方法将97例鹅口疮患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组47例,在涂抹制霉菌素片的基础上服用酪酸梭菌活菌散,0.5g/次,3次/d,疗程28 d,对照组50例,单独制霉菌素片,观察复发率和不良反应。结果观察组的总复发率为8.5%,显著低于对照组的30%(P<0.05)。结论酪酸梭菌活菌散与制霉菌素片联用治疗婴幼儿鹅口疮预防复发疗效显著,且未见不良反应,值得临床推广应用。     

干扰素α-1b联合阿德福韦酯治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎疗效分析

目的：探讨干扰素α-1b联合阿德福韦酯（Adefovir Dipivoxil Tablets,ADV）治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎（ChronichepatitisB,CHB）患者临床疗效。方法：随即将120例CHB患者分为3组：单用ADV组（A组）40例;单用IFNa-1b组（B组）40例;IFNα-1b和ADV联合治疗组（c组）40例,疗程48周。分别于治疗12周、24周和48周时查ALT复常率,HIhAg血清转换率,乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitisBvirus,HBV）DNA阴转率。其中各组中10人于治疗前及治疗48周行肝穿刺活检术,观察病理改变,根据炎症活动度（G）和纤维化程度（S）进行计分,同时采用纤维化半定量计分系统（sss）评分。结果：A组和B组ALT复常率,24周：X^2=4．80、7．92,48周：X^2=3．97、6．51,P均〈0．05;HBeAg转换率,24周：X^2=12.25、4．17,48周：X^2=-14．57、4．94。P均〈0．01;HBVDNA转阴率。24周：X2=-3．74、9．77,48周：X^2=6．98、11．95,P均〈0．05。c组24周和48周后ALT复常率分别为65．0％和87．5％,HBeAg转换率为35．0％和45．0％,HBVDNA阴转率为75．5％和92．5％,显著高于A组和B组。组织学肝纤维化各项评分结果联合治疗组均优于单药组,差异有统计学意Y,．（SSS：t=-23．26、48．98;G：t=-53．88、94．30;S：t=-60．00、82．05,P均〈0．01）。结论：IFN联合ADV治疗CHB患者可协同抑制HBV复制,显著提高抗HBV疗效,且无明显不良反应。是一种有效的治疗方法。     

Fluorescence probe enhanced spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of sparfloxacin in tablets and biological fluids

Yttrium‐sensitized fluorescence was used to develop a sensitive and simple spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of sparfloxacin. The method is based on the strong fluorescence of sparfloxacin after adding the fluorescence probe yttrium in buffer solution (pH = 8), and various factors influencing fluorescence were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the enhanced fluorescence intensity of the system showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of sparfloxacin over the range 8 × 10^?7 to 1.4 × 10^?5 mol L^?1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was determined as 9.01 × 10^?8 mol L^?1. The mechanism of the sensitizing effect of probe was discussed. This method has been successfully applied for the determination of sparfloxacin in pharmaceuticals, human urine and serum samples; the result obtained was satisfactory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Gold nanoparticles‐based fluorescence enhancement of the terbium–levofloxacin system and its application in pharmaceutical preparations

A sensitive fluorescence (FL) technique is proposed for the determination of levofloxacin (LVX). The method is based on the fact that the weak FL signal of the Tb(III)–LVX system is strongly enhanced in the presence of gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles were prepared by the citrate reduction of HAuCl₄ and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Levofloxacin and Tb(III) ion form a fluorescence complex in aqueous solution, and its maximum emission wavelength was found at 545 nm. Optimal conditions for the formation of the levofloxacin–Tb(III) complexes were studied. Levofloxacin was detected by measuring the FL intensity, which increases linearly with the concentration of LVX in the range 6.2 × 10⁻¹⁰–2.6 × 10⁻⁸ mol/L. Recovery of the target analytes was > 96% with good quality parameters: linearity (r² > 0.996), limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values 2.1 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/L and 7.2 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/L, and run‐to‐run and day‐to‐day precisions with relative standard deviations (RSDs) around 3%. Thus, the proposed method can be successfully applied to the routine determination of levofloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

阿德福韦酯联合乙肝免疫球蛋白预防HBV相关性终末期肝病肝移植术后复发的临床研究

目的：探讨阿德福韦酯（HDV）联合乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIg）预防HBV相关性终末期肝病患者肝移植术后HBV复发的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析2005年6月-2009年6月北京市解放军第302医院因HBV相关性终末期肝病接受肝移植的60例患者的临床资料。60例患者根据治疗方法分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用HDV联合HBk预防肝移植术后HBV复发,对照组采用拉米夫定（LAM）联合HBIg预防HBV复发。结果：两组患者随访期内未出现肾毒性表现。治疗组平均随访时间为（21．67±5．37）月,随访期内无复发。对照组平均随访时间为（21．83±6．02）月,随访期内有2例复发。两组术后复发率比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：HDV联合HBIg预防肝移植术后HBV复发近期疗效优于LAM联合HBIg。     

绝经后妇女宫内节育器两种取出方法的效果观察

目的探讨能绝经后妇女宫内节育器(IUD)取出的安全有效方法。方法对在本院门诊要求取出IUD的绝经后妇女随机分为两组:观察组80例,提前1周后给予尼尔雌醇2 mg顿服,取环术前2 h阴道后穹隆放置米索前列醇400μg;对照组102例,仅口头安慰后施术。结果观察组用药后宫口变松,宫颈软化,取环操作顺利,且术中疼痛明显减轻,手术时间和术中出血明显减少。结论术前应用联合应用尼尔雌醇、米索前列醇,可改善取环操作条件,提高IUD取出成功率,并降低患者的痛苦,减少手术时间和术中出血。